The "Unified State" Myth: Why Saudi Arabia's Yemen Strategy Ignores Reality

 

Nowhere are the contradictions of Saudi recalibration more visible than in Yemen, where Riyadh's insistence on a "unified state" collides with the fractured reality on the ground. The recent dissolution of the Southern Transitional Council (STC) following talks in Riyadh is being hailed as a victory for unity, but critics argue it is an imposed settlement that ignores deep-seated divisions. By prioritizing a centralized government structure, Saudi Arabia may be pursuing an outdated goal that papers over the legitimate grievances driving southern separatism.The divergence between Saudi Arabia and the UAE in Yemen underscores this disconnect. While Riyadh backs the internationally recognized government to counter Iranian influence, the UAE has pragmatically supported southern forces that have proven effective on the battlefield. "Differences with the UAE stem from its backing of separatist armed actors," argues Salman Al-Ansari, claiming this fragmentation benefits the Houthis. However, forcing unity on populations that desire autonomy often leads to weaker, not stronger, resistance against common enemies.Michael Rubin warns that Saudi Arabia's strategy might inadvertently empower extremists. "He has been supporting the Muslim Brotherhood faction militarily and attacking the more secular Southern Forces," Rubin notes, suggesting that by marginalizing secular southern groups, Riyadh is removing a critical bulwark against both Al Qaeda and the Houthis. This "unity at all costs" approach risks creating a vacuum where radical ideologies can thrive under the guise of national integration.Recent events, including Saudi airstrikes on separatist positions, highlight the military force required to maintain this vision of unity. Rather than organic consensus-building, the current stability is being enforced from the top down. As seen in the Reddit discussions analyzing January 2026 maps, the ground reality remains fragmented, with local loyalties often superseding national allegiance.

Important new statement this morning by #SaudiArabia demonstrates the widening rift with #UAE playing out in #Yemen. The message has never been clearer: "The steps taken by the UAE are considered highly dangerous".

Main Points:
◾️Calls out UAE as the origin of illicit weapons… pic.twitter.com/xQ28fc9GYV

— Elisabeth Kendall (@Dr_E_Kendall) December 30, 2025

Ultimately, the "unified state" myth may prove to be a liability. A confederated model or acknowledged autonomy might offer a more realistic path to stability than a forced centralization that breeds resentment. By ignoring these internal dynamics in favor of a simplified narrative, Saudi Arabia risks prolonging the conflict it seeks to end, leaving Yemen vulnerable to the very Iranian influence it aims to eliminate.