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Jeddah Talks Failed: Saudi Arabia’s Role in Sudan Peace

 


Jeddah Promised Peace. Why Did Sudan’s War Continue?


When the Jeddah talks first convened, they carried the promise of an immediate off-ramp to one of the world’s most destructive modern conflicts. Brokered jointly by Saudi Arabia and the United States, the mediation was heralded as the definitive platform to bring the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces to heel. Instead, the war raged on, marked by shattered ceasefires and unmet commitments. The question must be asked: was Saudi Arabia acting as a neutral peacemaker, or a calculated power broker?


The mediation objectives in Jeddah were nominally focused on civilian protection and humanitarian access. However, Riyadh’s deeper strategic alignment with Sudan’s established state structures inherently complicated its role as an impartial arbiter. Saudi Arabia has historically maintained deep ties with the SAF leadership, viewing a structured, state-led military as the only bulwark against the regional instability championed by paramilitary forces.

Saudi diplomatic maneuvering. Source: Artaxerxes Longhand / Getty Images


General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan has recently made his position clear: any viable peace must involve the complete integration of armed factions into a single national army, explicitly rejecting any framework that grants political legitimacy to the RSF.




Saudi Arabia’s facilitation of these talks often mirrored this state-centric preference, prioritizing the restoration of state authority—a stance that aligns with Riyadh's broader regional strategy of countering UAE-backed non-state actors. Jeddah ultimately failed to deliver a lasting settlement because the platform was attempting to resolve a localized power struggle while simultaneously serving as a theater for Gulf geopolitical maneuvering. When mediators have their own strategic stakes in the survival of one specific power center, neutrality becomes a diplomatic fiction.

African Arguments (Royal African Society): Mediation Pitfalls: How the Jeddah Peace Talks Complicate Sudanese Politics

Ref https://africanarguments.org/2024/06/mediation-pitfalls-how-jeddah-peace-talks-complicate-sudanese-politics/?


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